We demonstrate the utility of this streamlined workflow by creating models of ribs, liver, and lung using a Fused Deposition Modelling 3D printer. To lower the barrier to entry and provide the best options when aiming to 3D print an anatomical model from medical images, we provide an overview of relevant free and open-source image segmentation tools as well as 3D printing technologies. This process is broken up into three steps: image segmentation, mesh refinement and 3D printing. We introduce a general workflow that can be used to convert volumetric medical imaging data (as generated by Computer Tomography (CT)) to 3D printed physical models. Advances in segmentation algorithms and increased availability of three-dimensional (3D) printers have made it possible to create costefficient patient-specific models without expert knowledge. org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178540 Editor: Han-Chiao Isaac Chen, University of Pennsylvania, UNITED STATESĪbstract Anatomical models are important training and teaching tools in the clinical environment and are routinely used in medical imaging research. OPEN ACCESS Citation: Bu¨cking TM, Hill ER, Robertson JL, Maneas E, Plumb AA, Nikitichev DI (2017) From medical imaging data to 3D printed anatomical models.
Nikitichev1 1 Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2 Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom * Ī1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 From medical imaging data to 3D printed anatomical models Thore M.
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